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After the Civil War, Georgia faced the task of burying the Confederate and Union dead that lay across the state. Many soldiers had been killed in battle, such as the Atlanta Campaign, but numerous others passed away in hospitals from wounds and disease. Though most of the dead in Georgia were Confederates, a significant number were Union soldiers who died in action, from illness, or in prisons across the state, such as Andersonville.
Dead soldiers were moved to already existing cemeteries or to entirely new ones specifically dedicated to the Civil War. Nearly every sizable cemetery in Georgia contains individual graves of Confederate fallen or veterans who survived the war. Several have entire sections devoted to Civil War dead. A few cemeteries are still entirely focused on Confederate soldiers killed in the war.
In many Georgian Civil War cemeteries stone monuments or obelisks have been raised to honor the dead. Soon after the war, the United Daughters of the Confederacy placed iron crosses of honor on a significant number of graves. Later, soldiers' resting places were officially marked with regulation government headstones noting their service to the Confederacy during the Civil War.
Due to the devastating nature of warfare and the frequent inability to identify fallen men, many soldiers remained unnamed even after found. The condition of the corpses was often very deteriorated after battle because of wounds sustained and decomposition; many were initially buried near where they fell in mass graves. Frequently, fallen soldiers were left them without markers of their identities, causing their graves to be marked unknown.
Approximately 125,000 Georgians served the Confederacy in the Civil War, and around 25,000 died fighting across the United States. Inside the state itself, there were over four hundred battles and skirmishes that left many Union and Confederate dead near farms, homes, hospitals, and towns.
Existing cemeteries, like ones already established in Atlanta, filled with Civil War dead and had to be expanded. The following are Georgian Civil War cemeteries, though the list is not exhaustive:
Americus - Oak Grove City Cemetery - 129 Confederate with 45 unknown
Andersonville - Andersonville National Cemetery - 13,699 Union
Athens - Oconee Hill Cemeery - 12 unknown, 4 generals
Atlanta - Oakland Cemetery - 2,500 Confederate, 20 Union
Atlanta - Westview Cemetery - 347 Confederate
Augusta - Magnolia Cemetery - 300 Confederate
Barnesville - Greenwood Cemetery - 115 Confederate with 84 unknown, and 2 Union soldiers
Cassville - Confederate Cemetery - 300 unknown Confederate, 1 general
Columbus - Linwood Cemetery - 200 Confederate
Covington - Covington Confederate Cemetery - 67 known and 8 unknown Confederates
Dalton - West Hill Cemetery - 421 unknown Confederate, 4 known Confederate, 4 unknown Union
Forsyth - Forsyth Soldier's Cemetery - 299 unknown Confederate, 1 known
Griffin - Stonewall Cemetery - 500 Confederate, 1 Union
Jonesboro - Patrick R. Cleburne Memorial Cemetery - 600-1,000 Confederate
Kingston - Confederate Cemetery - 250 unknown Confederate, 2 Union
LaGrange - Confederate Cemetery - 300 Confederate
Macon - Rose Hill Cemetery - 600 Confederate and Union
Marietta - Confederate Cemetery - 3,000 Confederate
Marietta - Marietta National Cemetery - 10,000 Union with 3,000 unknown
Milner - Confederate Cemetery - 100 unknown
Moultrie - Greenfield Church Cemetery - 75-100 unknown
Newnan - Oak Hill Cemetery - 268 Confederate
Resaca - Confederate Cemetery - the first Confederate cemetery in Georgia
Rome - Myrtle Hill Cemetery - 377 Confederate, 2 Union
Savannah - Laurel Grove Cemetery - 1,500 Confederate, 8 generals
Stone Mountain - Stone Mountain Cemetery - 150 Confederates
West Point - Fort Tyler Cemetery - 76 Confederate and Union, 1 general
A sampling of Georgia's Civil War cemeteries:
Cassville Cemetery is named after a town burned by Sherman in 1864 after the fall of Atlanta and holds approximately 300 Confederate soldiers and 1 general who died in eight local hospitals. The United Daughters of the Confederacy placed marble headstones in 1899.
Marietta boasts both a National Cemetery and a Confederate Cemetery. The first contains over 10,000 Union soldiers, only 7,000 known, who died in the Resaca campaign. The second is the largest Confederate cemetery in the state, holding 3,000 soldiers who died in local hospitals, in battle, or in an 1863 train wreck. Wooden markers were replaced in 1902 by marble headstones.
Oakland Cemetery has 2,500 Confederates buried in its grounds as well as five generals. Alexander Stephens was briefly interred here. It is Atlanta's oldest cemetery, and soldiers began being buried before Sherman's March, having died by wounds and disease. Wooden markers were replaced by marble ones in 1890.